【中考英语写作技巧】15年中考英语写作突破:短文写作
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短文写作
写作--"盖房子"
不是摩天大楼,而是小巧、实用、简洁的小屋子
建造必须复合"科学的要求"(语法规则)
材料选择 架构搭建
材料--词汇和句法
词汇--泥沙砖瓦
句法--木头,钢架
材料储备越多越好,语法结构要准确无误。
书面表达题第一部分正是考察我们对于文章写作的前期准备状况。
短文写作分类
应用文 与 非应用文
根据提示信息的种类,文章可以分为:
1. 文字信息题;
2. 图画信息题(看图说话);
3. 既包含文字信息又给出图画信息的题。
1.)看图说话题
XX年肇庆市中考 "看图说话"成为各类英语考试写作题型的潮流。
看图说话的优点:
给出的是间接的语言信息(没给出既定的句子或句型);
可以考察观察力、想象力、构思能力
2.)文字命题作文
实例:
随着阳光体育运动在全国的开展,"每天锻炼一小时,健康工作50年,幸福生活一辈子。"的理念深入人心,校园里出现了可喜的变化: 运动的时间延长了,运动项目增加了,学生体质增强了,校园生活丰富了。请以Sports in Our School 为题给校刊写一篇报道。
内容要点提示:
1. time for sports
2. kinds of sports
3. change of students" health and study
4. change of school life
要求: 1. 80词左右,可适当发挥
2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称相关的信息。
Sports in Our School
最具实用性的文体--
3.) 应用文
应用文包括:日记、书信、通知、便条,等
(新兴应用文类型: 电子邮件、网络回帖等)
应用文考察的重点: 1. 对关键信息的传达;
2. 格式
应用文实例 (陕西省XX中考题)
A) 请用所提供的词语写一则30-40词的失物招领启事。(5分)
(a red pencil-box, big, pencil, ruler…, in the reading-room, telephone number, 83345691)
大多数应用文文体可以按照通知的格式写。主要是关键信息的完整。
I lost a (big) red pencil-box. 关键词必须出现
Last Wednesday I lost a (big) red pencil-box in the reading room. If somebody has picked it up, remember to call me by telephone. My telephone number is 83345691…
表达清晰,信息不遗漏,即可获得高分
B) 你的美国笔友Tony想学汉语来到了北京,请给他写一封信,告诉他如何学习汉语。(10分)
要求:1. 语句通顺,书写工整
2.可用所给提示词语,也可适当发挥。
3.词数:60-80。
(提示词语:go to Chinese classes, make friends, listen to the radio, dictionary,
useful, read Chinese stories, talk with, difficult, ask a Chinese teacher for help…)
2. 信件的结构格和式
信件包含的5个部分
1.Heading 信头 发件人地址→ Class 11 junior 2
排列顺序:由小到大 Rendafuzhong Middle School
Haidian District
Beijing, 100081
China
Sept. 19, XX
Newsweek International
323 Madison Avenue ← 收件人地址
New York, NY 10022
U.S.A
Dear Mr. Lee: ← 2.称呼语
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………….
………………………………………………… ← 3.正文
4. 结束语 → Yours ever
5. 签 名 → Wang Wei
短文写作时间安排: 20-25分钟
审题 2-3分钟 主题与细节
正文写作 10-15分钟 先打草稿
抄写与检查 5分钟
1.3 中考英语写作基础应试技巧介绍
a. 书写规范;字迹清楚。U-V i t …
b. 移行规则 单词写到句末用"-"隔开并移行
China Chi-na ; hated hat-ed 按音节拆开。
c. 字母大写
c. 字母大写
? 句首的第一个字母要大写。
? 标题中的实义词的首字母要大写。
My Visit/Trip to Changsha What a Gloomy Day The Bird on the Roof of My House 实义词大写;虚词不用大写
实义词包括:名词;动词;形容词;副词 虚词包括:定冠词;介词
? 正文中的大小写:
专有名词需要大写 a normal university; a famous university; Peking University; Renmin University; a large lake; Qinghai Lake; Children"s Day; Marxism; Confucian
? 直接引语需要大写
Jim said, "He was eighteen."
He said, "My trip to Changsha was interesting but tiring."
"My trip to changsha," he said, "was interesting but tiring."
"My trip to Changsha was interesting but tiring." said he.
Jim answered, "At weekends."
在直接引语当中,引用部分的首字母是需要大写的,整句的主谓部分只有在句首时,首字母大写。
d. 标点符号
省略词后用句号Ms. Mr. Dr.
? 省略号"…"
省略 There are many people in the classroom, such as reader, writer, teacher, professor….
停顿 "I mean… that is… I was a teacher."
? 逗号 ","
1.并列句中用逗号隔开两个简单句
They were tired, and they decided go home.
Get up early, or you"ll miss the worm.
2.主语前的短语/从句用逗号将其与主句隔开
When the phone rang, he opened the pocket to answer it.
When the sun sets, the mouse is starting to find the food.
On the table, there is a vase.
To see Jay"s life show, he spent a lot of money.
3.作用和意义相同的词排列在一起时用逗号隔开
In the bag, there is some apples, pears, bananas, and pineapples.
The little boy likes to sing, to dance, to act, to read, and to play computer.
4.非限定性定语从句
Mr. Green, who is the best dancer in our class, will teach us how to dance.
The general, shouting and waving his hand, asked the soldiers to move on.
5.插入语,用逗号隔开in fact; that is
That teacher, in fact, has done little work.
Your work, I am sorry to say, is almost a failure.
6.在直接引语中被引用时。Yes, it is. No, it isn"t.
7.日期 July 20th, XX
I was born on Oct. 20th, 1982.
I was born on 20th Oct. 1982.
8. 数字 3位之间用逗号隔开
9, 080 千; 百万; 十亿
? 分号 两个并列的从句用分号隔开,替代并列连词
No one is with born with knowledge; knowledge must be taught and learned.
? 疑问号;疑问句后一定要加疑问号
? 感叹号。一篇文章中,不能多用
主题--中心思想 围绕主题展开细节
提纲
打草稿
草稿分为两部: 1 提纲
2 根据提纲展开书写
提纲例:
全篇(要求长度6-8句话) 1. … (2-3句话长度)
2. … (同上)
3. … (同上)
不能遗漏提示语及关键词
思想价值明晰
单词拼写及语法运用准确无误
常用短句/简单句;慎用长句/复杂句
熟练掌握六种句型
好的句子:1. 完整
2. 连贯、通畅
3. 简洁
4. 多样性
例: I"m teaching in the classroom. → In the classroom, I"m teaching.统一的时态
单复数;定冠词
文风自然,用"简单朴素的"单词(用小词)
逻辑紧密
写作步骤:
1.审题
2.列大纲
3.草稿书写
4.检查,并抄写
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